general knowledge questions and answers for competitive exams pdf
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1. Which among the following is the correct meaning of a word “Manigramam” used in medieval India?
[A] Association of Villages
[B] Complex of various markets
[C] Association of Merchants
[D] Unit of administration in a small village
Correct Answer: C [Association of Merchants]
Notes:
Manigramam guild was a localized erchant body which first appeared along the Kerala coast in the ninth century A.D. According to Herman Gundert, Manigramam people were descendants of Syrian Christian merchants who were converted to Saivism by Tamil Saivite poet Manikkavasagar. They gradually flourished in Tamil Nadu in the Pallava and Chola periods and then became supra-regional in character by being active in South-east Asia.
2. The term “Vitasta” in Rig Veda refers to which among the following rivers?
[A] Indus
[B] Beas
[C] Jhelum
[D] Chenab
Correct Answer: C [Jhelum]
Notes:
Rigvedic Name and Modern Names of Indian Rivers:
Sindhu- Indus
Vitasta- Jhelum
Askini- Chenab
Vipasa- Beas
Purushini- Ravi
Satudri- Sutlej
Gomal- Gomati
Drishvadati- Ghaggar
3. Who among the following is the writer of famous “Poverty and Un-British Rule in India”?
[A] Firoz Shah Mehta
[B] Dada Bhai Naoroji
[C] William Wedderburn
[D] A O Hume
Correct Answer: B [Dada Bhai Naoroji]
Notes:
Dadabhai Naoroji Via his work “Poverty and Un-British Rule in India”, highlighted as India’s poverty as
Expenditure of the European Officials in England
Money sent by the British professionals to England
Inflow of British Capital in India
In his work, Dadabhai did not accept that the Indian poverty was due to over population or the interplay of some economic laws as publicized by the British.
4. Simon Commission had visited India during the times of which among the following Viceroys?
[A] Lord Irwin
[B] Lord Chelmsford
[C] Lord Willingdon
[D] Lord Wood
Correct Answer: A [Lord Irwin]
Notes:
On April 3, 1926 Lord Irwin was appointed 30th Viceroy and Governor-General of India. In 1927, British government appointed a commission under the chairmanship of Sir John Simon. The Commission was appointed to study the reforms of 1919 and suggest further measures for Constitutional reforms. The Commission had no Indian member in it. The Indians boycotted this all-White commission.
5. At which among the following places, the aeration zone is located in Earth’s Lithosphere
[A] Above earth surface
[B] Below earth surface & above Water Table
[C] Below Earth’s surface and parallel to water table
[D] Below earth’s surface and below water table
Correct Answer: B [Below earth surface & above Water Table]
Notes:
The zone of aeration is the region between the earth’s surface and the water table. The main components of this region are the soil and rocks.
6. At which among the following points, the high tides are lower than usual and low tides are higher than usual?
[A] New Moon
[B] Full Moon
[C] Apogee
[D] Perigee
Correct Answer: C [Apogee]
Notes:
Apogee is the farthest point of the moon from the earth. When the moon is at apogee, the furthest distance from the Earth, it has less gravitational pull which, along with other factors that influence the tides, can contribute to lower tides or lower variation in the high/low tide level.
7. At which among the following sessions of the Muslim League, Mohammed Ali Jinnah had invented a new slogan “Divide and Quit”?
[A] Lucknow Session 1931
[B] Karachi Session 1933
[C] Lahore Session 1940
[D] Karachi Session 1943
Correct Answer: D [Karachi Session 1943]
8. At which among the following sessions, the All India Muslim league passed the Pakistan Resolution on 23 March 1940?
[A] Karachi
[B] Hyderabad
[C] Lahore
[D] Lucknow
Correct Answer: C [Lahore]
Notes:
The Pakistan demand was formalised gradually. On 23 March 1940, the League moved a resolution demanding a measure of autonomy for the Muslim majority areas of the subcontinent. This ambiguous resolution never mentioned partition or Pakistan
The name Pakistan or Pak-stan (from Punjab, Afghan, Kashmir, Sind and Baluchistan) was coined by a Punjabi Muslim student at Cambridge, Choudhry Rehmat Ali, who, in pamphlets written in 1933 and 1935, desired a separate national status for this new entity.
9. At which among the following temperatures, the indicator of Celsius and Fahrenheit thermometers will show the same reading?
[A] -40°C
[B] -65°C
[C] -25°C
[D] -32°C
Correct Answer: A [-40°C]
Notes:
The formulas for converting between degree Celsius and degree Fahrenheit are: °F = (°C * 9/5) + 32 => °C = (°F – 32) * 5/9 To find the temperature when both are equal, we use an old algebra trick and just set ºF = ºC and solve one of the equations.
°C = (°C * 9/5) + 32
=>°C – (°C * 9/5) = 32
=>-4/5 * °C = 32
=>°C = -32 * 5/4
=>°C = -40
OR
°F = (°F * 9/5) + 32
=>°F – (°F * 9/5) = 32
=>-4/5 * °F = 32
=>°F = -32 * 5/4
=>°F = -40
10. Where did Swami Vivekananda give his famouse Chicago speech?
[A] 11th September, 1893
[B] 14th September, 1892
[C] 19th September, 1893
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: A [11th September, 1893]
Notes:
In 1893, on September 11, Swami Vivekanada delivered an iconic speech at the Chicago Convention of Parliament of Religions. During his speech, he introduced Hinduism to the world. He talked about religion and intolerance. His speech got a two-minute standing ovation and that is why it is still remembered.
11. Agricultural Income Tax revenue goes to which of the following governments in India?
[A] State Governments
[B] Central Government
[C] Collected by State Governments , delivered to Central Government
[D] Collected by Central Government, delivered to State Governments
Correct Answer: A [State Governments]
Notes:
The taxing powers of the central government encompass taxes on income (except agricultural income), excise on goods produced (other than alcohol), customs duties, and inter-state sale of goods.
The state governments are vested with the power to tax agricultural income, land and buildings, sale of goods (other than inter-state), and excise on alcohol. Local authorities such as Panchayat and Municipality also have power to levy some minor taxes.
12. The term “Round Revolution” is related to which among the following?
[A] Potato
[B] Egg
[C] Fish
[D] Brinjal
Correct Answer: A [Potato]
Notes:
Round revolution is the revolution adopted by the Government of India for the increase in production of Potato. This revolution is aimed to make the production doubled or tripled instead of single annual increase.
13. In which year, Planning Commission was established in India?
[A] 1950
[B] 1951
[C] 1952
[D] 1955
Correct Answer: A [1950]
Notes:
Planning Commission was set up by a Government of India Resolution in 1950 as an advisory and specialized institution. It was charged with the responsibility to formulate a strategy of development for independent India in a long-term perspective and for making assessment of all resources of the country, augmenting deficient resources, formulating plans for the most effective and balanced utilization of resources and determining priorities.
14. In which among the following years, Sabarmati Ashram was established by Mahatma Gandhi?
[A] 1910
[B] 1912
[C] 1915
[D] 1917
Correct Answer: D [1917]
Notes:
Sabarmati Ashram is located in the Sabarmati suburb of Ahmedabad, Gujarat. Gandhiji’s India ashram was originally established at the Kocharab Bungalow of Jivanlal Desai, a barrister and friend of Gandhi, on 25 May 1915. At that time the ashram was called the Satyagraha Ashram. But Gandhi wanted to carry out various activities such as farming and animal husbandry, in addition to other pursuits which called for the need of a much larger area of usable land. So two years later, on 17 June 1917, the ashram was relocated to an area of thirty-six acres on the banks of the river Sabarmati, and it came to be known as the Sabarmati Ashram.
15. A no-confidence motion against the Union Government can be initiated in which among the following ?
[A] ONLY Lok Sabha
[B] ONLY Rajya Sabha
[C] Either Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha
[D] ONLY Lok Sabha with prior consent of President
Correct Answer: A [ONLY Lok Sabha]
Notes:
Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to Lok Sabha and it remains in office till it enjoys confidence of majority of the members in Lok Sabha. Thus, a motion of no-confidence is moved to remove the council of ministers and thus oust the government from office.
Following are conditions of No-confidence motion:
No-confidence motion can be moved only in Lok Sabha {or state assembly as the case may be}. It is not allowed in Rajya Sabha {or state legislative council}
It is moved against the entire Council of Ministers and not individual ministers or private members.
It needs support of at least 50 members when introduced in Lok Sabha.
16. The deity in most of the Chola temples was__?
[A] Vishnu
[B] Shiva
[C] Brahma
[D] Krishna
Correct Answer: B [Shiva]
17. In which among the following metals, largest number of coins were issued in Gupta Era?
[A] Gold
[B] Silver
[C] Copper
[D] Brass
Correct Answer: A [Gold]
18. Sarnath, is related to which among the following events in the life of Buddha?
[A] First Sermon
[B] Last Sermon
[C] Mahaparinibbana
[D] Dhammachakkapavattana
Correct Answer: A [First Sermon]
Notes:
Notes:
The deer park in Sarnath is where Gautama Buddha first taught the Dharma, and where the Buddhist Sangha came into existence through the enlightenment of Kondanna. It was also the site of the Buddha’s Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, which was his first teaching after attaining enlightenment, in which he taught the four noble truths and the teachings associated with it.
So either A or D can be marked as the correct answer.
19. The grasslands called “Pampas” are found in which among the following regions?
[A] South Africa
[B] South America
[C] Australia
[D] Europe
Correct Answer: B [South America]
Notes:
Tropical Grasslands
East Africa- Savanna
Brazil- Campos
Venezuela- Llanos
Temperate Grasslands
Argentina- Pampas
America- Prairie
Africa- Veld
Asia- Steppe
Australia- Down
20. Which among the following can be measured with Anemometer?
[A] Water Velocity
[B] Wind Velocity
[C] Relative Humidity
[D] Absolute Humidity
Correct Answer: B [Wind Velocity]
21. Which among the following is a correct order of the dynasties of Delhi Sultanate?
[A] Tuglaq →Khilji →Slave→Lodhi
[B] Slave→ Lodhi →Khilji →Tuglaq
[C] Slave→ Khilji →Tuglaq →Lodhi
[D] Slave→ Tuglaq →Khilji →Lodhi
Correct Answer: C [Slave→ Khilji →Tuglaq →Lodhi]
Notes:
Slave dynasty: 1206-90
Khalji dynasty: 1290-1320
Tuglaq dynasty: 1320 – 1414
Sayyid dynasty: 1414-1451
Lodi dynasty: 1451-1526
22. Which among the following towns / cities of Karnataka is most famous for monuments of Vijayanagar Empire?
[A] Gulbarga
[B] Belgaum
[C] Gadag
[D] Hampi
Correct Answer: D [Hampi]
Notes:
Vijayanagara Empire or Karnata Empire or Kingdom of Bisnegar was established in 1336 by Harihara-I and his brother Bukka Raya I of Sangama Dynasty. Its ruins are located in current day Hampi in Karnataka. Four dynasties – Sangama, Saluva, Tuluva and Aravidu – ruled Vijayanagar from A.D. 1336 to 1672.
The most important temples of Vijaynagar Empire include Vitthalaswamy and the Hazara Ramaswamy temples at Hampi. The Tadapatri and Parvati temples at Chidambaram, Varadaraja and Ekambaranatha temples at Kanchipuram.
23. The temples of Halebid and Belur were built by which among the following dynasties?
[A] Kalabhras
[B] Hoyasalas
[C] Rastrakutas
[D] Kadambas
Correct Answer: B [Hoyasalas]
24. The Chauri Chaura Incident paved the way for end of which among the following movements?
[A] Civil Disobedience Movement
[B] Non-Cooperation Movement
[C] Quit India Movement
[D] Kheda Satyagraha
Correct Answer: B [Non-Cooperation Movement]
Notes:
The Non-cooperation movement was on its pinnacle in all of north India. In South, though it was luke warm. On February 4, 1922, a mob of 2000 people gathered to picket a liquor shop at Chauri Chaura, a town near Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. The local administration sent armed police to control the situation. The Police, tried to disperse the crowd by firing two shots in air. So stone pelting started. The police fired and killed 3 people. The result was that outrageous mob set the Police Chauki on fire an d all 23 Police wallas inside got burnt alive.
On 12 February 1922, when the Congress leaders met at Bardoli, Gandhi decided to withdraw the Noncooperation movement. It was a bit controversial but by that time Gandhi’s figure was respected by every Congressman. Thus, they accepted this decision, but they got demoralized and disintegrated. Gandhi was arrested on 10 March 1922 and trial led at Ahmadabad. A simple prison of 6 years was awarded to him.
25. The 175 gms coin issued by Iltutmish was in which among the following metals?
[A] Gold
[B] Silver
[C] Copper
[D] Bronze
Correct Answer: B [Silver]
Notes:
Iltutmish introduced Silver Tanka and Copper Jital, the two coins of the Delhi Sultanate.
The coins prior to Iltutmish were introduced by the invaders which bear the Sanskrit characters and even Bull and Shivalinga. Iltutmish was the first to introduce a “Pure Arabic Coin” in India. The Coins were engraved with “The Mighty Sultan, Sun of the Empire and the Faith, Conquest-laden, Il-tutmish,” after he received an investiture of Sovereign Sultan of Delhi from the Caliph of Baghdad.
The Silver Tanka issued by Iltutmish was weighing 175 grains. Gold Tanka of the same weight was later issued by Balban.
26. Aurangazeb was a good player of which among the following instruments?
[A] Tabla
[B] Veena
[C] Mridang
[D] Pakhawaj
Correct Answer: B [Veena]
27. Which among the following Muslim Scholar came to India during the time of Mahmud of Ghazni?
[A] Al-beruni
[B] Amir Khusrau
[C] Abu Zayd Balkhi
[D] Muhammad al-Idrisi
Correct Answer: A [Al-beruni]
Notes:
Abu Rayhan Beruni or Alberonius (Latin) was a Persian Scholar and polymath of the 11th century. He accompanied Mahmud Ghazani in his conquests to South Asia.
Al Beruni was the First Muslim Scholar to study India and its Brahmanical tradition. He is called father of Indology and the first anthropologist. He is called one of the earliest and greatest polymath of the Islamic World.
28. Who among the following were the last belligerents against whom Mohammad Ghori had led a campaign?
[A] Khokhars
[B] Gohils
[C] Baghelas
[D] Bhattis
Correct Answer: A [Khokhars]
29. Kushinara or Kushinagar, where Lord Buddha attained parinirvana was located in which among the following provinces of ancient India?
[A] Anga
[B] Magadha
[C] Malla
[D] Vatsa
Correct Answer: C [Malla]
Notes:
The Buddha belonged to a small gana known as the Sakya gana, and was a kshatriya. When he was a young man, he left the comforts of his home in search of knowledge. He wandered for several years, meeting and holding discussions with other thinkers. He finally decided to find his own path to realisation, and meditated for days on end under a peepal tree at Bodh Gaya in Bihar, where he attained enlightenment. After that, he was known as the Buddha or the Wise One. He then went to Sarnath, near Varanasi, where he taught for the first time.
Buddha attained Nirvana at Kusinara a village some 180km from Varanasi and it was in the state of Mallas.
30. Agnimitra, who is the hero of Kalidasa’s ‘Malvikagnimitram’ was a king of which of the following dynasties?
[A] Sunga
[B] Kanva
[C] Satavahana
[D] Maurya
Correct Answer: A [Sunga]
Notes:
Malavikagnimitram is the Sanskrit play, which depicts Agnimitra as its hero. Malvika is a maid servant whom Agnimitra falls in love. This was known to his chief queen, who imprisions her. Later it was known that Malvika was of a royal birth and she was accepted as queen of Agnimitra. Malavikagnimitram gives account of Rajsuya Yajna of Pushyamitra Shunga, father of Agnimitra.
31. Which among the following is correct about Sirocco?
[A] It’s a warm & dry wind
[B] It’s a warm & moist wind
[C] It’s a cold & moist wind
[D] It’s a winter wind that blows in pacific ocean
Correct Answer: A [It’s a warm & dry wind]
Notes:
Sirocco is a warm, dry and dusty laden local wind which blows in northerly direction from Sahara desert over North Africa as a dry wind and picks up moisture as it crosses the Mediterranean.
Since they carry red dust over Sahara, the rainfall which they cause is called blood rain sometimes.
32. Which among the following trench is NOT in the Pacific Ocean?
[A] Java Trench
[B] Karmadec
[C] Peru-Chile
[D] Aleutian
Correct Answer: A [Java Trench]
Notes:
Java Trench is in Indian Ocean.
33. “Medicine line” is another name of which among the following circles of latitude?
[A] 17th Parallel North
[B] 39th Parallel North
[C] 49th Parallel North
[D] 59th Parallel North
Correct Answer: C [49th Parallel North]
34. The term “Ranching” is most closely related to which among the following activities?
[A] Shifting cultivation
[B] Livestock grazing
[C] Forest farming
[D] Fishing
Correct Answer: B [Livestock grazing]
Notes:
Large cattle farms called ranches are looked after by sturdy men called cowboys
Commercial livestock ranching is essentially associated with western cultures and is practised on permanent ranches. These ranches cover large areas and are divided into a number of parcels, which are fenced to regulate the grazing.
35. Which among the following is the world’s northernmost capital of a sovereign state?
[A] ReykjavÃk
[B] Helsinki
[C] Stockholm
[D] Akranes
Correct Answer: A [ReykjavÃk ]
Notes:
Iceland’s capital, ReykjavÃk, is the world’s northernmost capital City. of any sovereign state.
36. The term “Tee” is used commonly in which among the following sports?
[A] Tennis
[B] Polo
[C] Golf
[D] Racing
Correct Answer: C [Golf]
37. Which among the following countries is the home to the greatest number of World Heritage Sites?
[A] France
[B] Italy
[C] England
[D] USA
Correct Answer: B [Italy]
Notes:
Presently, Italy with 50 sites is home to the greatest number of World Heritage Sites.
38. The logo of World Wildlife Fund (WWF) is depicts which among the following animals?
[A] Panda
[B] Polar Bear
[C] Tiger
[D] Stag
Correct Answer: A [Panda]
39. The Mathabhanga river is treated as an international border between which among the following countries ?
[A] India Nepal
[B] India Bangladesh
[C] India Myanmmar
[D] India Srilanka
Correct Answer: B [India Bangladesh]
40. Manikaran Hot springs which are believed to cure ailments such as rheumatism, gout and muscular pain, are located in which states?
[A] Uttarakhand
[B] Himachal Pradesh
[C] Jammu & Kashmir
[D] Gujarath
Correct Answer: B [Himachal Pradesh]
Notes:
Manikaran is located in the Parvati Valley on river Parvati, northeast of Bhuntar in the Kullu District of Himachal Pradesh.This small town attracts tourists visiting Manali and Kullu to its hot springs and pilgrim centres.
41. Saraswati Samman is conferred by which among the following?
[A] K K Birla Foundation
[B] Sahitya Akademi
[C] Indian Council of Cultural Relations
[D] Sangeet Kala Akademi
Correct Answer: A [K K Birla Foundation]
Notes:
The Saraswati Samman is an annual award for outstanding prose or poetry literary works in any Indian language listed in Schedule VIII of the Constitution of India. It is named after an Indian goddess of learning and is considered to be among the highest literary awards in India.
The Saraswati Samman was instituted in 1991 by the K. K. Birla Foundation. Candidates are selected from literary works published in the previous ten years by a panel that included scholars and former award winner.
42. Thomas Cup is related to which among the following sports?
[A] Table Tennis
[B] Lawn Tennis
[C] Badminton
[D] Golf
Correct Answer: C [Badminton]
43. “National Consumer Rights Day” is observed on which among the following?
[A] 24 December
[B] 24 January
[C] 24 February
[D] 24 March
Correct Answer: A [24 December]
Notes:
In India, 24th December is observed as National Consumer Day. On this day the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 had received the assent of the President.
World Consumer Rights Day is observed on 15th March every year.
44. Who among the following has written the book titled “Audacity of Hope”?
[A] Joe Biden
[B] Barak Obama
[C] Bill Clinton
[D] George W. Bush
Correct Answer: B [Barak Obama]
45. The famous “Treaty of Purandhar” was signed between Shivaji and which among the following in 1665?
[A] Jaswant Singh
[B] Jai Singh
[C] Shaista Khan
[D] Aurangzeb
Correct Answer: B [Jai Singh]
Notes:
The treaty of Purandhar was signed on Jun 11th 1665 between Rajput ruler Jai Singh-I who was the commander of Mughal army and Maratha ruler Shivaji.
46. Which among the following verities of Fishes is insectivorous?
[A] Hilsa
[B] Gambusia
[C] Labeo
[D] Katla
Correct Answer: B [Gambusia]
Notes:
Gambusia is a large genus of fish in family Poeciliidae. Gambusia species are also known as mosquito fish, which, refers more specifically to two species, G. Affinis and G. Holbrooki. These can be introduced into ponds to eat mosquito larvae. That’s why, Insectivorous fish used for mosquito control is Gambusia.
47. “Rinderpest” disease, which was recently eliminated was caused by which among the following?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Virus
[C] Fungi
[D] Nematode
Correct Answer: B [Virus]
48. “Gnathology” is the study of which among the following?
[A] Teeth
[B] Jaws
[C] Masticatory System
[D] Tongue
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